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Is Fixation Failure after Plate Fixation of the Symphysis Pubis Clinically Important?

·Clin Orthop Relat Res·2012·81 citations·Trauma
Free Full Text·DOI·PubMed
SummaryAbstract on PubMed →

This retrospective series of 148 patients examined whether hardware breakage after plate fixation of the pubic symphysis translates into clinically important failure. The central question: does a high radiographic failure rate require a corresponding change in management?

Study Snapshot

Design
Retrospective case series
Setting: Single center, North Bristol NHS Trust, UK
Funding: Industry (Stryker)
Objective
Whether fixation failure after symphysis pubis plating is clinically important or requires intervention.
Outcome(s)
Incidence and clinical consequences of hardware breakage and fixation failure
Subjects
148 patients with traumatic symphysis pubis diastasis
Inclusion
  • Traumatic symphysis pubis disruption
  • Treated with anterior plate fixation
  • Minimum 12 months follow-up
Exclusion
  • Death within 1 month of surgery
  • Lost to follow-up (18 patients)
  • Follow-up less than 12 months (11 patients)
Follow-up
Minimum 12 months (mean 45 months, range 1–14 years)
Statistics
Pearson chi-square with Yates correctionFisher's exact test

Key Findings

  • Hardware breakage after symphysis pubis plating is far more common than clinical failure: 43% of patients had radiographic hardware breakage, but 61 of 63 (97%) were completely asymptomatic. Seeing a broken plate on X-ray is not, by itself, an indication for revision.
  • Revision surgery was required in only 5 patients (3%), and loss of reduction occurred in 6 patients (4%). This 3% revision rate compares favorably with the published literature range of 3%–9% and is far lower than the revision rate for definitive external fixation (reported up to 17%).
  • The rate of hardware breakage was not predicted by any modifiable factor tested:
    –Plate type: p = 0.8
    –Fracture classification (AO/OTA B vs C): p = 0.9
    –Presence of posterior fixation: p = 1.0
    –Quality of symphyseal reduction: p = 0.1
    –This means you cannot prevent breakage by changing your implant or technique choices.
  • Early breakage predicts more breakage: hardware failure within the first 12 months was associated with increased risk of subsequent breakage in later years (p = 0.009). This pattern reflects continued cyclic fatigue at the symphysis rather than a discrete mechanical event.
  • Routine annual radiographic follow-up beyond 1 year did not alter management in a single patient in this series. The authors argue that imaging after 1 year in an asymptomatic patient is not justified and follow-up can shift to symptom-driven.
  • Late deep infection occurred in 3 patients (2%), presenting as late as 3 years postoperatively, in patients with no early wound problems and all closed injuries. All resolved with hardware removal and antibiotics, with no revision fixation required.
Board PearlSymphysis pubis plate breakage occurs in 43% of patients but is asymptomatic in nearly all — hardware failure rate does not equal clinical failure rate.

Clinical Relevance

The clinical lesson here is about separating radiographic findings from clinical significance. A broken plate on a 1-year pelvis X-ray is alarming at first glance, but this series shows it is a routine radiographic event that almost never requires intervention. The 43% hardware breakage rate in this cohort is the highest reported in the literature, yet the revision rate was only 3%.

For your practice: when you follow up a pelvis fracture patient at 1 year and see broken screws or a fractured plate, the key questions are whether the patient is symptomatic and whether there is recurrent diastasis with progression. If the answer to both is no, continued observation is appropriate.

This paper also has a practical follow-up implication: annual pelvic radiographs beyond 1 year in asymptomatic patients did not change management in any patient in this series. The authors suggest restricting routine imaging to the first year, then shifting to symptom-driven imaging. That is a concrete change in how you counsel and schedule these patients.

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|

Is Fixation Failure after Plate Fixation of the Symphysis Pubis Clinically Important?

·Clin Orthop Relat Res·2012·81 citations·Trauma
Free Full Text·DOI·PubMed
SummaryAbstract on PubMed →

This retrospective series of 148 patients examined whether hardware breakage after plate fixation of the pubic symphysis translates into clinically important failure. The central question: does a high radiographic failure rate require a corresponding change in management?

Study Snapshot

Design
Retrospective case series
Setting: Single center, North Bristol NHS Trust, UK
Funding: Industry (Stryker)
Objective
Whether fixation failure after symphysis pubis plating is clinically important or requires intervention.
Outcome(s)
Incidence and clinical consequences of hardware breakage and fixation failure
Subjects
148 patients with traumatic symphysis pubis diastasis
Inclusion
  • Traumatic symphysis pubis disruption
  • Treated with anterior plate fixation
  • Minimum 12 months follow-up
Exclusion
  • Death within 1 month of surgery
  • Lost to follow-up (18 patients)
  • Follow-up less than 12 months (11 patients)
Follow-up
Minimum 12 months (mean 45 months, range 1–14 years)
Statistics
Pearson chi-square with Yates correctionFisher's exact test

Key Findings

  • Hardware breakage after symphysis pubis plating is far more common than clinical failure: 43% of patients had radiographic hardware breakage, but 61 of 63 (97%) were completely asymptomatic. Seeing a broken plate on X-ray is not, by itself, an indication for revision.
  • Revision surgery was required in only 5 patients (3%), and loss of reduction occurred in 6 patients (4%). This 3% revision rate compares favorably with the published literature range of 3%–9% and is far lower than the revision rate for definitive external fixation (reported up to 17%).
  • The rate of hardware breakage was not predicted by any modifiable factor tested:
    –Plate type: p = 0.8
    –Fracture classification (AO/OTA B vs C): p = 0.9
    –Presence of posterior fixation: p = 1.0
    –Quality of symphyseal reduction: p = 0.1
    –This means you cannot prevent breakage by changing your implant or technique choices.
  • Early breakage predicts more breakage: hardware failure within the first 12 months was associated with increased risk of subsequent breakage in later years (p = 0.009). This pattern reflects continued cyclic fatigue at the symphysis rather than a discrete mechanical event.
  • Routine annual radiographic follow-up beyond 1 year did not alter management in a single patient in this series. The authors argue that imaging after 1 year in an asymptomatic patient is not justified and follow-up can shift to symptom-driven.
  • Late deep infection occurred in 3 patients (2%), presenting as late as 3 years postoperatively, in patients with no early wound problems and all closed injuries. All resolved with hardware removal and antibiotics, with no revision fixation required.
Board PearlSymphysis pubis plate breakage occurs in 43% of patients but is asymptomatic in nearly all — hardware failure rate does not equal clinical failure rate.

Clinical Relevance

The clinical lesson here is about separating radiographic findings from clinical significance. A broken plate on a 1-year pelvis X-ray is alarming at first glance, but this series shows it is a routine radiographic event that almost never requires intervention. The 43% hardware breakage rate in this cohort is the highest reported in the literature, yet the revision rate was only 3%.

For your practice: when you follow up a pelvis fracture patient at 1 year and see broken screws or a fractured plate, the key questions are whether the patient is symptomatic and whether there is recurrent diastasis with progression. If the answer to both is no, continued observation is appropriate.

This paper also has a practical follow-up implication: annual pelvic radiographs beyond 1 year in asymptomatic patients did not change management in any patient in this series. The authors suggest restricting routine imaging to the first year, then shifting to symptom-driven imaging. That is a concrete change in how you counsel and schedule these patients.

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