The purpose of this study was to develop a test battery of hop tests with high ability to discriminate (i.e. high test–retest reliability, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) between the hop performance of the injured and the uninjured side in patients with an ACL injury and in patients who have undergone ACL reconstruction. 5 hop tests were analysed: 3 maximum single hop tests and 2 hop tests while developing fatigue. 15 healthy subjects performed the 5 hop tests on 3 separate occasions in a test–retest design. 30 patients, mean 11 months after an ACL injury and 35 patients, mean 6 months after ACL reconstruction were tested. ICC values ranged from 0.85 to 0.97 for the 5 hop tests, indicating that all the tests had high test–retest reliability. 60‐7 percent to 100% of the healthy subjects had normal symmetry (i.e. <10% side‐to‐side difference) in the 5 hop tests. Abnormal symmetry in the 5 hop tests ranged from 43 to 77% for patients with an ACL injury and from 51 to 86% for patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction respectively. The 3 tests with the highest ability to discriminate hop performance were chosen for the test battery; they were the vertical jump, the hop for distance and the side hop. The test battery revealed a high level of sensitivity and accuracy in patients with an ACL injury (87 and 84%) and in patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction (91 and 88%), when at least one of the 3 tests was classified as abnormal. To summarise, the test battery consisting of both maximum single hop performances: the vertical jump and the hop for distance and hop performance while developing fatigue: the side hop, produced high test–retest reliability, sensitivity and accuracy. Further, the test battery produced higher values compared with any of the 3 hop tests individually revealing that only one out of 10 patients had restored hop performance 11 months after an ACL injury and 6 months after ACL reconstruction. It is concluded that this test battery showed a high ability to discriminate between the hop performance of the injured and the uninjured side both in patients with an ACL injury and in patients who have undergone ACL reconstruction.
Copyright remains with the authors and publisher.
The purpose of this study was to develop a test battery of hop tests with high ability to discriminate (i.e. high test–retest reliability, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) between the hop performance of the injured and the uninjured side in patients with an ACL injury and in patients who have undergone ACL reconstruction. 5 hop tests were analysed: 3 maximum single hop tests and 2 hop tests while developing fatigue. 15 healthy subjects performed the 5 hop tests on 3 separate occasions in a test–retest design. 30 patients, mean 11 months after an ACL injury and 35 patients, mean 6 months after ACL reconstruction were tested. ICC values ranged from 0.85 to 0.97 for the 5 hop tests, indicating that all the tests had high test–retest reliability. 60‐7 percent to 100% of the healthy subjects had normal symmetry (i.e. <10% side‐to‐side difference) in the 5 hop tests. Abnormal symmetry in the 5 hop tests ranged from 43 to 77% for patients with an ACL injury and from 51 to 86% for patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction respectively. The 3 tests with the highest ability to discriminate hop performance were chosen for the test battery; they were the vertical jump, the hop for distance and the side hop. The test battery revealed a high level of sensitivity and accuracy in patients with an ACL injury (87 and 84%) and in patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction (91 and 88%), when at least one of the 3 tests was classified as abnormal. To summarise, the test battery consisting of both maximum single hop performances: the vertical jump and the hop for distance and hop performance while developing fatigue: the side hop, produced high test–retest reliability, sensitivity and accuracy. Further, the test battery produced higher values compared with any of the 3 hop tests individually revealing that only one out of 10 patients had restored hop performance 11 months after an ACL injury and 6 months after ACL reconstruction. It is concluded that this test battery showed a high ability to discriminate between the hop performance of the injured and the uninjured side both in patients with an ACL injury and in patients who have undergone ACL reconstruction.
Copyright remains with the authors and publisher.