Narrative review of growth factor biology in articular cartilage repair. Synthesizes in vitro and animal data to identify which specific growth factors — and which delivery platforms (PRP, ACS, BMC) — have the strongest evidence for enhancing chondral healing and modifying OA.
When selecting a biologic augment for cartilage repair or OA, BMP-7 has the most favorable preclinical profile (age/OA-independent efficacy, no fibrosis or osteophyte risk), while TGF-β1 should be avoided intra-articularly given consistent animal-model safety signals; PRP and BMC are the most accessible combination-delivery platforms and can double as scaffolds when clotted.
Narrative review of growth factor biology in articular cartilage repair. Synthesizes in vitro and animal data to identify which specific growth factors — and which delivery platforms (PRP, ACS, BMC) — have the strongest evidence for enhancing chondral healing and modifying OA.
When selecting a biologic augment for cartilage repair or OA, BMP-7 has the most favorable preclinical profile (age/OA-independent efficacy, no fibrosis or osteophyte risk), while TGF-β1 should be avoided intra-articularly given consistent animal-model safety signals; PRP and BMC are the most accessible combination-delivery platforms and can double as scaffolds when clotted.